Amulets such as this were popular during the Roman period in Egypt. They fused together the Egyptian application of the Eye of Horus, with the Roman fascination of the ‘oculus malus’, or evil eye. To the Romans, the evil eye was very much an object to be feared and protected from. It was a personification of the negative effects of life and a person’s bad luck, and sometimes their hubris. It was the cause of mysterious illnesses, the reason for plagues or destruction that could not be explained. Apotropaic amulets and imagery warding off the evil eye and its negative consequences were thus very common.
Reference: For a similar complete amulet: The National Museum of Ancient Art, Smithsonian Institute, Washington DC, item F1909.504. For an amulet with multiple eyes, incomplete: Bonhams Auction House, London, Antiquities Auction, 5 October 2011, lot 204, part.


